SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS(SDG's)

 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:

1.What is Developement?

Development : Development is defined as the process of growth or new information or an event. An example of development is the changing of a caterpillar to a butterfly.

2.What is Sustainable Development?

Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.Sustainability improves the quality of our lives, protects our ecosystem and preserves natural resources for future generations.

3. Need of Sustainable Development?

Its critical needs of human development: food, water, education, medical care, infrastructure, and economic opportunity. Without adequate resources in each of these areas, extreme poverty traps its victims in a vicious cycle that they cannot break out of on their own.

          GOAL 14. LIFE BELOW WATER

4. What is the main motive of Goal 14 in Sustainable Development?

 The main motive of Goal no. 14 is targets to prevent and reduce marine pollution; further the sustainable management and protection of marine and coastal ecosystems; address the impacts of ocean acidification; regulate harvesting and end overfishing, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and destructive fishing practices; conserve coastal and marine areas; increase the economic benefits to small island developing States and least developed countries from the sustainable use of marine resources; and strengthen the means of implementation, including increasing scientific knowledge, the transfer of marine technology and implementation of international law as reflected in the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

 5. Discuss about TARGETS under Sustainable Development Goal.14

TARGET No. 1

REDUCE MARINE POLLUTION

6.What is Marine Pollution?

Marine pollution occurs when substances used or spread by humans, such as industrial, agricultural and residential waste, particles, noise, excess carbon dioxide or invasive organisms enter the ocean and cause harmful effects there. The majority of this waste (80%) comes from land-based activity, although marine transportation significantly contributes as well.Since most inputs come from land, either by the rivers, sewage or the atmosphere, it means that continental shelves are more vulnerable to pollution. Air pollution is also a contributing factor by carrying off iron, carbonic acid, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, pesticides or dust particles into the ocean. Plastic Pollution is works as harm for marine life.

7. STEPS To Reduce Marine Pollution:

• Use Fewer Plastics:

 Plastic pollution makes up a significant portion of the ocean’s debris because many ocean  plastics can take thousands of years to break down properly. One way to help prevent plastic waste from making its way to the ocean is to reduce the number of plastic products you use in your own home, from plastic bags to food storage. To make a choice especially for glass, metal, or eco-friendly bamboo materials that take less time to decompose.

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• Make choice for multi-use products: 

Single-use plastics or paper goods like utensils, straws, paper towels, and plastic bottles are major contributors to ocean pollution. Swapping these products for multi-use items like metal cutlery or cloth napkins can reduce the amount of waste you generate with every meal. Keep your own reusable water bottle on hand rather than buying new bottles from the grocery store.

• Avoidance chemical fertilizers: 

The chemical fertilizer that you use on your lawn or in your garden can eventually make its way to the ocean through rivers, rainwater, and other waterways—even if you live far from the coast. To reduce the chance of leaching chemical fertilizer and polluting the ocean, opt for natural fertilizer options like compost, bone meal, and aged manure.

• Recycle:

Recycling is a process that converts used materials into new ones, keeping waste out of trash cans, gutters and landfills, where they could be taken by wind or water to the ocean. Reach out to your local recycling plant or waste management operation for an approved list of recyclables.

• Lower your energy use:

 Companies worldwide burn fossil fuels to provide homes with electricity, heat, gas, and other comforts. Some of these fossil fuels (like oil) are harvested in the ocean, and burning them releases more carbon dioxide, which contributes to the Acidification of our Oceans. Reducing the amount of energy that you use daily helps reduce the number of fossil fuels we burn. To make choice for energy-efficient appliances, turn lights off when not in use, be mindful of your car’s emissions, and keep your thermostat at a reasonable level.

• Support an environmental advocacy group:

While you can do a lot on your own to reduce ocean pollution, there are many kinds of ocean pollution—from chemical pollutants to oil spills—that are hard to fight individually. Consider joining an environmental advocacy group to raise awareness on a local, national, and global scale.Governor Carney signed this bill into law on July 29th. The bag ban will take effect on January 1st, 2021.

This ban is an excellent and necessary first step towards reducing our harmful dependence on plastics, but we need to go further to keep our communities and environment safe. By addressing other plastic bag alternatives such as paper bags and Styrofoam, we can better encourage the use of reusable bags at checkout and reduce unnecessary waste.

By 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution.

TARGET No. 2

PROTECT AND RESTORE ECO- SYSTEM

Sustainable Blue Economy:

The world’s oceans, seas and coastal areas are the largest ecosystems on the planet and a precious part of our natural heritage. The ocean economy is estimated to be worth USD $24 trillion, and as investors and policymakers increasingly turn to the ocean for new opportunities and resources, this economy has been forecasted to double in size between 2010 and 2030. However, the risks of losses in natural capital resulting from unsustainable activities are continuing to erode the resource base on which such growth depends. We need to raise the bar on our collective ambitions — in government, civil society and the private sector — to ensure that economic activities in our seas are sustainable.

A sustainable blue economy fits within the boundaries of our ocean’s ecosystems. Truly integrated maritime policies, adequate economic and legislative incentives, supportive public and private financial and investment flows, as well as successful implementation of ecosystem-based Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) are all important means to help us get there. Healthy ecosystems, well-managed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and Good Environmental Status (GES) must be the basis for sustainable development, not separated from it.

The Ocean & Climate Platform (OCP) brings together more than 90 organisations (NGOs, research institutes, aquariums, local authorities, private sector representatives) united around one mission: to disseminate available knowledge on the interactions between the ocean, climate and biodiversity and to advocate for a healthy ocean and a protected climate to national and international decision-makers.

TARGET No. 3

REDUCE OCEAN ACIDIFICATION

7.What is Ocean Acidification?

When carbon dioxide enters the ocean, it dissolves in saltwater. First, it forms carbonic acid. Then, this carbonic acid breaks apart – or “dissociates” – producing bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions. Ocean acidification results from an increased concentration of hydrogen ions and a reduction in carbonate ions due to the absorption of increased amounts of CO2. Clams, mussels, crabs, corals, and other sea life rely on carbonate ions to grow their shells and thrive.

•Steps to Reduce Ocean Acidification:

we don't fully understand what's to come as the oceans acidify, NRDC has pushed for more funding for research and monitoring to help coastal communities and marine industries cope with the changes already underway. Congress recently increased the funding for ocean acidification research and monitoring from $6 million to $10 million, but even more money is needed. 

In partnership with scientists and economists from other institutions, we recently completed two studies that identify human populations at risk to the growing threat of ocean acidification. The first assessment, published in the February 2015 issue of Nature Climate Change focused on vulnerable U.S. coastal communities in 15 states. The second assessment focuses on countries most at risk to the combined impacts of ocean acidification and global warming due to their reliance on healthy coral reefs for food, jobs, and storm protection. 

Applications based on Goal No. 14

1.

During testing, the organization reported that the half-mile installation pulled a whopping 20,000 pounds of plastic from the ocean.

2.

 Representing Enviornmental situation of Modern World through a Song.

# DIFFERENT WORLD

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